Med Minute: Amoxicillin and Clavulanate (Augmentin)

This Med Minute guide covers amoxicillin-clavulanate, an antibiotic often prescribed for bacterial infections like ear infections, sinus infections, and pneumonia. Amoxicillin stops bacteria from growing, while clavulanate boosts its effectiveness against resistant bacteria.

Keep reading for quick facts on uses, dosing, side effects, and tips for giving it to your child!

What's it commonly used for?

• Treating bacterial infections: ear infections, sinus infections, pneumonia, skin infections, urinary tract infections 

How does it work? 

• Amoxicillin kills bacteria by preventing bacteria from building cell walls and preventing bacterial cells from replicating. 
• Clavulanate inhibits bacterial enzymes that have adapted to inactivate amoxicillin, which allows amoxicillin to work against bacteria that would otherwise be resistant.
• Amoxicillin-clavulanate is a “time-dependent killer” that stops bacterial infections slowly, so therapy is often long, around 7-10 days. 

What's the dose? 

• Varies depending on weight and what you are treating
• Typical doses of amoxicillin component are around 45 mg/kg/day (standard) or 90 mg/kg/day (high), up to standard adult doses of 500-1000 mg per dose
• Usually given every 8 or 12 hours
• The ratio of amoxicillin to clavulanate can differ between products, and the correct formulation depends on the dose (standard or high) 

What are the most common side effects?

• Diarrhea: the clavulanate in Augmentin can cause significant diarrhea 
• Nausea, vomiting
• Diaper rash
• Rash (mild to severe)

How should my child take it? 

• Take it with or without food; it’s recommended to take it with meals to reduce stomach upset 
• Shake the suspension well and use the measuring device provided
• Store suspension in the refrigerator